- The ball is in play from the service hit authorised by the first referee, and out of play from the referee’s whistle for a fault.
- IN: the ball touches the floor of the court, including the boundary lines.
- OUT: the part of the ball touching the floor is completely outside the boundary lines.
- OUT: the ball touches an object outside the court, the ceiling, or a person outside play.
- OUT: the ball touches the antennae, ropes, posts or the net outside the side bands.
- OUT: the ball crosses the vertical plane of the net (fully or partly) outside the crossing space, or completely crosses the lower space under the net.
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